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#!/bin/bash
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# Network testing script v 1.8
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# (c) 2005,2006 Javier Fernandez-Sanguino
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#
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# This script will test your system's network configuration using basic
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# tests and providing both information (INFO messages), warnings (WARN)
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# and possible errors (ERR messages) by checking:
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# - Interface status
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# - Availability of configured routers, including the default route
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# - Proper host resolution, including DNS checks
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# - Proper network connectivity, including ICMP and web connections to
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# a remote web server (the web server used for the tests can be configured,
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# see below)
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#
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# Some of the network tests are described in more detail at
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# http://ubuntuforums.org/archive/index.php/t-25557.html
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#
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# The script does not need special privileges to run as it does not
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# do any system change. It also will not fix the errors by itself.
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#
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# Additional software requirements:
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# * ip from the iproute package. (could probably be rewrittent to
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# use ifconfig only or to parse /proc)
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# * ping from the iputils-ping package or the netkit-ping package.
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# * nc from the netcat package.
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#
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# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
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# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
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# (at your option) any later version.
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#
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# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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# GNU General Public License for more details.
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#
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# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
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# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
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#
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# You can also find a copy of the GNU General Public License at
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# http://www.gnu.org/licenses/licenses.html#TOCLGPL
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#
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# TODO
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# - Works only on Linux, can this be generalised for other UNIX systems
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# (probably not unless rewritten in C)
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# - Does not check for errors properly, use -e and test intensively
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# so that expected errors are trapped
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# (specially for tools that are not available, like netcat)
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# - If the tools are localised to languages != english the script might
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# break
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# - Ask 'host' maintainer to implement error codes as done with
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# dlint
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# - Should be able to check if DNS server is in the same network, if
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# it doesn't answer to pings, check ARP in that case.
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# - DHCP checks?
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# - Other internal services tests? (LDAP if using pam...)
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# - Generate summary of errors in the end (pretty report?)
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# - Check if packets are being dropped by local firewall? (use dmesg
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# and look for our tests)
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# - Support wireless interfaces? (use iwconfig)
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# - Check for more than one web server (have CHECK_HOSTS be a number
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# of hosts and determine a metric to spout an error) ?
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# - Use traceroute or tcptraceroute to see if there is network connectivity?
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# (traceroute is usually blocked by firewalls but tcptraceroute might
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# be an alternative to using nc)
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# - Use mii-tool (requires root privileges)
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# - Use ping -s XXXX to detect invalid MTUs
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# - Use arpping to detect another host with our same IP address
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# - Check other TODOs inline in the code
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# Defaults
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VERB=3
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LOG=0
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while getopts ":hsv:" Option
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do
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case $Option in
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h ) cat <<- EOF
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Usage: $0 [-s][-v <num>]
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-s Also log messages to local3 syslog facility
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-v 0 Silent run
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-v 1 Show only error messages
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-v 2 Show error and warning messages
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-v 3 Fully verbose (default)
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EOF
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exit 0;;
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v ) VERB=$OPTARG;;
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s ) LOG=1;;
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esac
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done
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# BEGIN configuration
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# Configure to your needs, these values will be used when
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# checking DNS and Internet connectivity
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# DNS name to resolve.
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# These are default values which can be overriden by the environment.
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[ -z "$CHECK_HOST" ] && CHECK_HOST=www.debian.org
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[ -z "$CHECK_IP_ADRESS" ] && CHECK_IP_ADRESS=194.109.137.218
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# Web server to check for
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[ -z "$CHECK_WEB_HOST" ] && CHECK_WEB_HOST=www.debian.org
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[ -z "$CHECK_WEB_PORT" ] && CHECK_WEB_PORT=80
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# END configuration
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export CHECK_HOST CHECK_IP_ADRESS CHECK_WEB_HOST CHECK_WEB_PORT
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PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin
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LC_ALL=C
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export PATH LC_ALL
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# error reporting and logging functions
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info () {
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[ "$VERB" -gt 2 ] && echo "INFO: $1"
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[ "$VERB" -gt 2 ] && [ "$LOG" -eq 1 ] && logger -p local3.info "$0 INFO: $1"
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}
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warn () {
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[ "$VERB" -gt 1 ] && echo "WARN: $1"
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[ "$VERB" -gt 1 ] && [ "$LOG" -eq 1 ] && logger -p local3.warn "$0 WARN: $1"
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}
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err () {
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[ "$VERB" -gt 0 ] && echo "ERR: $1" >&2
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[ "$VERB" -gt 0 ] && [ "$LOG" -eq 1 ] && logger -p local3.err "$0 ERR: $1"
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}
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# Check if all commands we need are available
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# NOTE: if using nslookup add "nslookup dnsutils"
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( echo -e "netstat net-tools\nifconfig net-tools\n\
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ping netkit-ping|inetutils-ping|iputils-ping\n\
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arp net-tools\nip iproute\nhost host|bind9-host\nmktemp debianutils\n\
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nc netcat" |
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while read cmd package; do
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if ! `which $cmd 2>/dev/null >&2`; then
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err "$cmd is not available! (please install $package)"
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exit 1
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fi
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done ) || exit 1
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# Recommended programs
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( echo -e "ethtool ethtool" |
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while read cmd package; do
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if ! `which $cmd 2>/dev/null >&2`; then
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warn "$cmd is not available (consider installing $package)"
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exit 1
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fi
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done )
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# Default route for programs
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ETHTOOL=/usr/sbin/ethtool
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MIITOOL=/sbin/mii-tool
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# Other needs
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# We need /proc/net
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if [ ! -d /proc/net ] ; then
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err "/proc is not available! Please mount it ('mount -t /proc')"
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exit 1
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fi
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# Extract the interface of our default route
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defaultif=`netstat -nr |grep ^0.0.0.0 | awk '{print $8}' | head -1`
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defaultroutes=`netstat -nr |grep ^0.0.0.0 | wc -l`
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if [ -z "$defaultif" ] ; then
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defaultif=none
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warn "This system does not have a default route"
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elif [ "$defaultroutes" -gt 1 ] ; then
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warn "This system has more than one default route"
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else
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info "This system has exactly one default route"
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fi
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# Check loopback
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check_local () {
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# Is there a loopback interface?
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if [ -n "`ip link show lo`" ] ; then
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# OK, can we ping localhost
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if ! check_host localhost 1; then
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# Check 127.0.0.1 instead (not everybody uses this IP address however,
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# although its the one commonly used)
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if ! check_host 127.0.0.1 1; then
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err "Cannot ping localhost (127.0.0.1), loopback is broken in this system"
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else
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err "Localhost is not answering but 127.0.0.1, check /etc/hosts and verify localhost points to 127.0.0.1"
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fi
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else
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info "Loopback interface is working properly"
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fi
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else
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err "There is no loopback interface in this system"
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status=1
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fi
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status=0
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return $status
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}
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check_if_link_miitool () {
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ifname=$1
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[ ! -x "$MIITOOL" ] && return 0
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status=0
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if $MIITOOL $ifname 2>&1| grep -q "no link"; then
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status=1
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fi
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return $status
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}
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check_if_link_ethtool () {
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# Check if the interface has link
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# Note: Unlike other sections of the script we need to be root
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# to test this
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ifname=$1
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[ ! -x "$ETHTOOL" ] && return 0
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status=0
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LINK=`$ETHTOOL $ifname 2>&1| grep "Link detected"`
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# If ethtool fails to print out the link line we break off
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# notice that ethtool cannot get the link status out of all
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# possible network interfaces
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[ -z "$LINK" ] && return
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if ! echo $LINK | grep -q "Link detected: yes" ; then
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status=1
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fi
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return $status
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}
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check_if_link_iplink () {
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ifname=$1
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status=0
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[ ! -x /sbin/ip ] && return 0
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if /sbin/ip link show $ifname 2>&1 | grep -q "NO-CARRIER"; then
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status=1
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fi
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return $status
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}
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check_if_link() {
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status=-1
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iface=$1
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# Use ethtool if installed (preferable to mii-tool)
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# If none are installed we will test using 'ip link show'
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if [ "`id -u`" -eq 0 ] ; then
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if [ -x "$ETHTOOL" ] ; then
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check_if_link_ethtool $iface
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status=$?
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elif [ -x "$MIITOOL" ]; then
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check_if_link_miitool $iface
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status=$?
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fi
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fi
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# If no test has done use ip link
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if [ $status -eq -1 ]; then
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check_if_link_iplink $iface
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status=$?
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fi
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return $status
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}
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# Check network interfaces
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check_if () {
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ifname=$1
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status=0
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[ -z "$ifname" ] && return 1
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# Check if the interface has a link
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case "$ifname" in
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eth*) check_if_link $ifname ; status=$?;;
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*) ;;
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esac
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# Print results
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if [ $status -ne 0 ] ; then
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if [ "$ifname" = "$defaultif" ] ; then
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err "The $ifname interface that is associated with your default route has no link!"
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else
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warn "Interface $ifname does not have link"
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fi
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fi
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# Find IP addresses for $ifname
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inetaddr=`ip addr show $ifname | grep inet | awk '{print $2}'`
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if [ -z "$inetaddr" ] ; then
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warn "The $ifname interface does not have an IP address assigned"
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status=1
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else
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# TODO: WARN if more than 2 IP addresses?
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echo $inetaddr | while read ipaddr; do
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info "The $ifname interface has IP address $ipaddr assigned"
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done
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fi
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| 291 | |
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# Lookup TX and RX statistics
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# TODO: This is done using ifconfig but could use /proc/net/dev for
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# more readibility or, better, 'netstat -i'
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txpkts=`ifconfig $ifname | awk '/RX packets/ { print $2 }' |sed 's/.*://'`
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rxpkts=`ifconfig $ifname | awk '/RX packets/ { print $2 }' |sed 's/.*://'`
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txerrors=`ifconfig $ifname | awk '/TX packets/ { print $3 }' |sed 's/.*://'`
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rxerrors=`ifconfig $ifname | awk '/RX packets/ { print $3 }' |sed 's/.*://'`
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# TODO: Check also frames and collisions, to detect faulty cables
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# or network devices (cheap hubs)
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if [ "$txpkts" -eq 0 ] && [ "$rxpkts" -eq 0 ] ; then
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err "The $ifname interface has not tx or rx any packets. Link down?"
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status=1
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elif [ "$txpkts" -eq 0 ]; then
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warn "The $ifname interface has not transmitted any packets."
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elif [ "$rxpkts" -eq 0 ] ; then
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warn "The $ifname interface has not received any packets."
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else
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info "The $ifname interface has tx and rx packets."
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fi
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| 311 | |
# TODO: It should be best if there was a comparison with tx/rx packets.
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| 312 | |
# a few errors are not uncommon if the card has been running for a long
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| 313 | |
# time. It would be better if a relative comparison was done (i.e.
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| 314 | |
# less than 1% ok, more than 20% warning, over 80% major issue, etc.)
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| 315 | |
if [ "$txerrors" -ne 0 ]; then
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| 316 | |
warn "The $ifname interface has tx errors."
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| 317 | |
fi
|
| 318 | |
if [ "$rxerrors" -ne 0 ]; then
|
| 319 | |
warn "The $ifname interface has rx errors."
|
| 320 | |
fi
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| 321 | |
return $status
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| 322 | |
}
|
| 323 | |
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| 324 | |
check_netif () {
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| 325 | |
status=0
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| 326 | |
ip link show | egrep '^[[:digit:]]' |
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| 327 | |
while read ifnumber ifname status extra; do
|
| 328 | |
ifname=`echo $ifname |sed -e 's/:$//'`
|
| 329 | |
# TODO: this is redundant with the check if_link test
|
| 330 | |
# (although faster since using it would make us call 'ip'
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| 331 | |
# twice.
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| 332 | |
if [ -n "`echo $status | grep NO-CARRIER`" ] ; then
|
| 333 | |
if [ "$ifname" = "$defaultif" ] ; then
|
| 334 | |
err "The $ifname interface that is associated with your default route is down!"
|
| 335 | |
status=1
|
| 336 | |
elif [ "$ifname" = "lo" ] ; then
|
| 337 | |
err "Your lo interface is down, this might cause issues with local applications (but not necessarily with network connectivity)"
|
| 338 | |
else
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| 339 | |
warn "The $ifname interface is down"
|
| 340 | |
fi
|
| 341 | |
else
|
| 342 | |
# Check network routes associated with this interface
|
| 343 | |
info "The $ifname interface is up"
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| 344 | |
check_if $ifname
|
| 345 | |
check_netroute $ifname
|
| 346 | |
fi
|
| 347 | |
done
|
| 348 | |
return $status
|
| 349 | |
}
|
| 350 | |
|
| 351 | |
check_netroute () {
|
| 352 | |
ifname=$1
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| 353 | |
[ -z "$ifname" ] && return 1
|
| 354 | |
netstat -nr | grep "${ifname}$" |
|
| 355 | |
while read network gw netmask flags mss window irtt iface; do
|
| 356 | |
# For each gw that is not the default one, ping it
|
| 357 | |
if [ "$gw" != "0.0.0.0" ] ; then
|
| 358 | |
if ! check_router $gw ; then
|
| 359 | |
err "The default route is not available since the default router is unreachable"
|
| 360 | |
fi
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| 361 | |
fi
|
| 362 | |
done
|
| 363 | |
}
|
| 364 | |
|
| 365 | |
check_router () {
|
| 366 | |
# Checks if a router is up
|
| 367 | |
router=$1
|
| 368 | |
[ -z "$router" ] && return 1
|
| 369 | |
status=0
|
| 370 | |
# First ping the router, if it does not answer then check arp tables and
|
| 371 | |
# see if we have an arp. We use 5 packets since it is in our local network.
|
| 372 | |
ping -n -q -c 5 "$router" >/dev/null 2>&1
|
| 373 | |
if [ "$?" -ne 0 ]; then
|
| 374 | |
warn "Router $router does not answer to ICMP pings"
|
| 375 | |
# Router does not answer, check arp
|
| 376 | |
routerarp=`arp -n | grep "^$router" | grep -v incomplete`
|
| 377 | |
if [ -z "$routerarp" ] ; then
|
| 378 | |
err "We cannot retrieve a MAC address for router $router"
|
| 379 | |
status=1
|
| 380 | |
fi
|
| 381 | |
fi
|
| 382 | |
if [ "$status" -eq 0 ] ; then
|
| 383 | |
info "The router $router is reachable"
|
| 384 | |
fi
|
| 385 | |
return $status
|
| 386 | |
}
|
| 387 | |
|
| 388 | |
check_host () {
|
| 389 | |
# Check if a host is reachable
|
| 390 | |
# TODO:
|
| 391 | |
# - if the host is in our local network (no route needs to be used) then
|
| 392 | |
# check ARP availability
|
| 393 | |
# - if the host is not on our local network then check if we have a route
|
| 394 | |
# for it
|
| 395 | |
host=$1
|
| 396 | |
[ -z "$host" ] && return 1
|
| 397 | |
# Use 10 packets as we expect this to be outside of our network
|
| 398 | |
COUNT=10
|
| 399 | |
[ -n "$2" ] && COUNT=$2
|
| 400 | |
status=0
|
| 401 | |
ping -n -q -c $COUNT "$host" >/dev/null 2>&1
|
| 402 | |
if [ "$?" -ne 0 ]; then
|
| 403 | |
warn "Host $host does not answer to ICMP pings"
|
| 404 | |
status=1
|
| 405 | |
else
|
| 406 | |
info "Host $host answers to ICMP pings"
|
| 407 | |
fi
|
| 408 | |
return $status
|
| 409 | |
}
|
| 410 | |
|
| 411 | |
check_dns () {
|
| 412 | |
# Check the nameservers defined in /etc/resolv.conf
|
| 413 | |
status=1
|
| 414 | |
nsfound=0
|
| 415 | |
nsok=0
|
| 416 | |
tempfile=`mktemp -t tmptestnet.XXXXXX` || { err "Cannot create temporary file! Aborting! " ; exit 1; }
|
| 417 | |
trap " [ -f \"$tempfile\" ] && /bin/rm -f -- \"$tempfile\"" 0 1 2 3 13 15
|
| 418 | |
cat /etc/resolv.conf | grep -v ^# | grep nameserver |
|
| 419 | |
awk '/nameserver/ { for (i=2;i<=NF;i++) { print $i ; } }' >$tempfile
|
| 420 | |
for nameserver in `cat $tempfile`; do
|
| 421 | |
nsfound=$(( $nsfound + 1 ))
|
| 422 | |
info "This system is configured to use nameserver $nameserver"
|
| 423 | |
check_host $nameserver 5
|
| 424 | |
if check_ns $nameserver ; then
|
| 425 | |
nsok=$(( $nsok +1 ))
|
| 426 | |
else
|
| 427 | |
status=$?
|
| 428 | |
fi
|
| 429 | |
done
|
| 430 | |
#Could also do:
|
| 431 | |
#nsfound=`wc -l $tempfile | awk '{print $1}'`
|
| 432 | |
/bin/rm -f -- "$tempfile"
|
| 433 | |
trap 0 1 2 3 13 15
|
| 434 | |
if [ "$nsfound" -eq 0 ] ; then
|
| 435 | |
err "The system does not have any nameserver configured"
|
| 436 | |
else
|
| 437 | |
if [ "$status" -ne 0 ] ; then
|
| 438 | |
if [ "$nsfound" -eq 1 ] ; then
|
| 439 | |
err "There is one nameserver configured for this system but it does not work properly"
|
| 440 | |
else
|
| 441 | |
err "There are $nsfound nameservers configured for this system and none of them works properly"
|
| 442 | |
fi
|
| 443 | |
else
|
| 444 | |
if [ "$nsfound" -eq 1 ] ; then
|
| 445 | |
info "The nameserver configured for this system works properly"
|
| 446 | |
else
|
| 447 | |
info "There are $nsfound nameservers is configured for this system and $nsok are working properly"
|
| 448 | |
fi
|
| 449 | |
fi
|
| 450 | |
fi
|
| 451 | |
return $status
|
| 452 | |
}
|
| 453 | |
|
| 454 | |
check_ns () {
|
| 455 | |
# Check the nameserver using host
|
| 456 | |
# TODO: use nslookup?
|
| 457 | |
# nslookup $CHECK_HOST -$nameserver
|
| 458 | |
nameserver=$1
|
| 459 | |
[ -z "$nameserver" ] && return 1
|
| 460 | |
status=1
|
| 461 | |
CHECK_RESULT="$CHECK_HOST .* $CHECK_IP_ADDRESS"
|
| 462 | |
# Using dnscheck:
|
| 463 | |
dnscheck=`host -t A $CHECK_HOST $nameserver 2>&1 | tail -1`
|
| 464 | |
if [ -n "`echo $dnscheck |grep NXDOMAIN`" ] ; then
|
| 465 | |
err "Dns server $nameserver does not resolv properly"
|
| 466 | |
elif [ -n "`echo $dnscheck | grep \"timed out\"`" ] ; then
|
| 467 | |
err "Dns server $nameserver is not available"
|
| 468 | |
elif [ -z "`echo $dnscheck | egrep \"$CHECK_RESULT\"`" ] ; then
|
| 469 | |
warn "Dns server $nameserver did not return the expected result for $CHECK_HOST"
|
| 470 | |
else
|
| 471 | |
info "Dns server $nameserver resolved correctly $CHECK_HOST"
|
| 472 | |
status=0
|
| 473 | |
fi
|
| 474 | |
|
| 475 | |
# Using dlint
|
| 476 | |
# dlint $CHECK_HOST @$nameserver >/dev/null 2>&1
|
| 477 | |
# if [ $? -eq 2 ] ; then
|
| 478 | |
# err "Dns server $nameserver does not resolv properly"
|
| 479 | |
# elif [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
|
| 480 | |
# err "Unexpected error when testing $nameserver"
|
| 481 | |
# else
|
| 482 | |
# info "Dns server $nameserver resolved correctly $CHECK_HOST"
|
| 483 | |
# status=0
|
| 484 | |
# fi
|
| 485 | |
|
| 486 | |
return $status
|
| 487 | |
}
|
| 488 | |
|
| 489 | |
check_conn () {
|
| 490 | |
# Checks network connectivity
|
| 491 | |
if ! check_host $CHECK_WEB_HOST >/dev/null ; then
|
| 492 | |
warn "System does not seem to reach Internet host $CHECK_WEB_HOST through ICMP"
|
| 493 | |
else
|
| 494 | |
info "System can reach Internet host $CHECK_WEB_HOST"
|
| 495 | |
fi
|
| 496 | |
status=0
|
| 497 | |
# Check web access, using nc
|
| 498 | |
# TODO:
|
| 499 | |
# - this could also implement proxy checks (if the http_proxy environment is
|
| 500 | |
# defined?)
|
| 501 | |
# - could also check against a valid content copy (otherwise it might be
|
| 502 | |
# fooled by transparent proxies)
|
| 503 | |
echo -e "HEAD / HTTP/1.0\n\n" |nc -w 20 $CHECK_WEB_HOST $CHECK_WEB_PORT >/dev/null 2>&1
|
| 504 | |
if [ $? -ne 0 ] ; then
|
| 505 | |
err "Cannot access web server at Internet host $CHECK_WEB_HOST"
|
| 506 | |
status=1
|
| 507 | |
else
|
| 508 | |
info "System can access web server at Internet host $CHECK_WEB_HOST"
|
| 509 | |
fi
|
| 510 | |
return $status
|
| 511 | |
}
|
| 512 | |
|
| 513 | |
# TODO: checks could be conditioned, i.e. if there is no proper
|
| 514 | |
# interface setup don't bother with DNS and don't do some Inet checks
|
| 515 | |
# if DNS is not setup properly
|
| 516 | |
check_local || exit 1
|
| 517 | |
check_netif || exit 1
|
| 518 | |
check_dns || exit 1
|
| 519 | |
check_conn || exit 1
|
| 520 | |
|
| 521 | |
exit 0
|
| 522 | |
|
| 523 | |
|
| 524 | |
# Set our locale environment, just in case ethtool gets translated
|
| 525 | |
LC_ALL=C
|
| 526 | |
export LC_ALL
|
| 527 | |
|