NAME
Dist::Zilla::Plugin::ChangelogFromGit - Write a Changes file from a
project's git log.
VERSION
version 0.017
SYNOPSIS
Here's an example dist.ini section showing all the current options and
their default values.
[ChangelogFromGit]
max_age = 365
tag_regexp = ^v(\d+\.\d+)$
file_name = CHANGES
wrap_column = 74
debug = 0
Variables don't need to be set to their default values. This is
equivalent to the configuration above.
[ChangelogFromGit]
DESCRIPTION
This Dist::Zilla plugin turns a project's git commit log into a change
log file. It's better than simply running `git log > CHANGES` in at
least two ways. First, it understands release tags, and it uses them to
group changes by release. Second, it reformats the changes to make them
easier to read. And third, subclasses can change some or all of the
reformatting to make change logs even easier to read.
See this project's CHANGES file for sample output. Yes, this project
uses itself to generate its own change log. Why not?
CONFIGURATION / PUBLIC ATTRIBUTES
As seen in the "SYNOPSIS", this plugin has a number of public
attributes that may be set using dist.ini configuration variables.
max_age = INTEGER
The max_age configuration variable limits the age of releases to be
included in the change log. The default is to include releases going
back about a year. To include about two years, one would double the
default value:
[ChangelogFromGit]
max_age = 730
max_age is intended to limit the size of change logs for large,
long-term projects that don't want to include the entire, huge commit
history in every release.
min_releases = INTEGER
min_releases sets the minimum number of releases that should be
included. It defaults to 1 so that at least the current release is
added, regardless of max_age.
[ChangelogFromGit]
min_releases = 5
max_releases = INTEGER
c<max_releases> allows you limit the number of releases included.
max_age will still be the limiting factor if it contains fewer releases
than the max specified.
[ChangelogFromGit]
max_releases = 15
tag_regexp = REGULAR_EXPRESSION
tag_regexp sets the regular expression that detects which tags mark
releases. It also extracts the version numbers from these tags using a
regular expression back reference or capture. For example, a project's
release tags might match 'release-1.000', 'release-1.001', etc. This
tag_regexp will find them and extract their versions.
[ChangelogFromGit]
tag_regexp = ^release-(\d+.*)$
There is no single standard format for release tags. tag_regexp
defaults to the author's convention. It will most likely need to be
changed.
file_name = STRING
file_name sets the name of the change log that will be written. It
defaults to "CHANGES", but some people may prefer "Changes",
"Changelog", or something else.
[ChangelogFromGit]
file_name = Changes
wrap_column = INTEGER
Different contributors tend to use different commit message formats,
which can be disconcerting to the typographically aware release
engineer. wrap_column sets the line length to which all commit messages
will be re-wrapped. It's 74 columns by default. If this is too short:
[ChangelogFromGit]
wrap_column = 78
debug = BOOLEAN
Developers are people, too. The debug option enables some noisy runtime
tracing on STDERR.
[ChangelogFromGit]
debug = 1
exclude_message = REGULAR_EXPRESSION
exclude_message sets a regular expression which discards matching
commit messages. This provides a way to exclude commit messages such as
'forgot to include file X' or 'typo'. The regular expression is case
sensitive.
[ChangelogFromGit]
exclude_message = ^(forgot|typo)
include_message can be used to do the opposite: exclude all changes
except ones that match a regular expression. Using both at once is
liable to generate empty change logs.
include_message = REGULAR_EXPRESSION
include_message does the opposite of exclude_message: it sets a regular
expression which commit messages must match in order to be included in
the Changes file. This means that when making a commit with a relevant
message, you must include text that matches the regular expression
pattern to have it included in the Changes file. All other commit
messages are ignored.
The regular expression is case sensitive.
[ChangelogFromGit]
include_message = ^Major
Using both include_message and exclude_message at the same time will
most likely result in empty change logs.
HOW IT WORKS
Dist::Zilla::ChangelogFromGit collects the tags matching tag_regexp
that are not older than max_age days old. These are used to identify
and time stamp releases. Each release is encapsulated into a
Software::Release object.
Git::Repository::Log::Iterator is used to collect the changes prior to
each release but after the previous release. Change log entries are
added to their respective Software::Release objects.
$self->render_changelog() is called after all the relevant releases and
changes are known. It must return the rendered change log as a string.
That string will be used as the content for a
Dist::Zilla::File::InMemory object representing the new change log.
SUBCLASSING FOR NEW FORMATS
Dist::Zilla::ChangelogFromGit implement about a dozen methods to render
the various parts of a change log. Subclasses may override or augment
any or all of these methods to alter the way change logs are rendered.
All methods beginning with "render" return strings that will be
incorporated into the change log. Methods that will not contribute to
the change log must return empty strings.
Rendering Entire Change Logs
Methods beginning with "render_changelog" receive no parameters other
than $self. Everything they need to know about the change log is
included in the object's attributes: wrap_column, releases,
skipped_release_count, earliest_date.
render_changelog
render_changelog() returns the text of the entire change log. By
default, the change log is built from a header, zero or more releases,
and a footer.
sub render_changelog {
my $self = shift();
return(
$self->render_changelog_header() .
$self->render_changelog_releases() .
$self->render_changelog_footer()
);
}
render_changelog_header
render_changelog_header() renders some text that introduces the reader
to the change log.
sub render_changelog_header {
my $self = shift();
my $header = (
"Changes from " . $self->format_datetime($self->earliest_date()) .
" to present."
);
return $self->surround_line("=", $header) . "\n";
}
render_changelog_releases
render_changelog_releases() iterates through each release, calling upon
$self to render them one at a time.
sub render_changelog_releases {
my $self = shift();
my $changelog = '';
RELEASE: foreach my $release (reverse $self->all_releases()) {
next RELEASE if $release->has_no_changes();
$changelog .= $self->render_release($release);
}
return $changelog;
}
render_changelog_footer
render_changelog_footer() tells the reader that the change log is over.
Normally the end of the file is sufficient warning, but a truncated
change log is friendlier when the reader knows what they're missing.
sub render_changelog_footer {
my $self = shift();
my $skipped_count = $self->skipped_release_count();
my $changelog_footer;
if ($skipped_count) {
my $releases = "release" . ($skipped_count == 1 ? "" : "s");
$changelog_footer = (
"Plus $skipped_count $releases after " .
$self->format_datetime($self->earliest_date()) . '.'
);
}
else {
$changelog_footer = "End of releases.";
}
return $self->surround_line("=", $changelog_footer);
}
Rendering Individual Releases
Methods beginning with "render_release" receive $self plus one
additional parameter: a Software::Release object encapsulating the
release and its changes. See Software::Release to learn the information
that object encapsulates.
render_release
render_release() is called upon to render a single release. In the
change log, a release consists of a header, one or more changes, and a
footer.
sub render_release {
my ($self, $release) = @_;
return(
$self->render_release_header($release) .
$self->render_release_changes($release) .
$self->render_release_footer($release)
);
}
render_release_header
render_release_header() introduces a release.
sub render_release_header {
my ($self, $release) = @_;
my $version = $release->version();
$version = $self->zilla()->version() if $version eq 'HEAD';
my $release_header = (
$self->format_release_tag($release->version()) . ' at ' .
$self->format_datetime($release->date())
);
return $self->surround_line("-", $release_header) . "\n";
}
render_release_changes
render_release_changes() iterates through the changes associated with
each Software::Release object. It calls upon render_change() to render
each change.
sub render_release_changes {
my ($self, $release) = @_;
my $changelog = '';
foreach my $change (@{ $release->changes() }) {
$changelog .= $self->render_change($release, $change);
}
return $changelog;
}
render_release_footer
render_release_footer() may be used to divide releases. It's not used
by default, but it's implemented for completeness.
sub render_release_footer {
my ($self, $release) = @_;
return '';
}
Rendering Individual Changes
Methods beginning with "render_change" receive two parameters in
addition to $self: a Software::Release object encapsulating the release
containing this change, and a Software::Release::Change object
encapsulating the change itself.
render_change
render_change() renders a single change, which is the catenation of a
change header, change message, and footer.
sub render_change {
my ($self, $release, $change) = @_;
return(
$self->render_change_header($release, $change) .
$self->render_change_message($release, $change) .
$self->render_change_footer($release, $change)
);
}
render_change_header
render_change_header() generally renders identifying information about
each change. This method's responsibility is to produce useful
information in a pleasant format.
sub render_change_header {
my ($self, $release, $change) = @_;
use Text::Wrap qw(fill);
local $Text::Wrap::huge = 'wrap';
local $Text::Wrap::columns = $self->wrap_column();
my @indent = (" ", " ");
return(
fill(
" ", " ",
'Change: ' . $change->change_id
) .
"\n" .
fill(
" ", " ",
'Author: ' . $change->author_name.' <'.$change->author_email.'>'
) .
"\n" .
fill(
" ", " ",
'Date : ' . $self->format_datetime($change->date())
) .
"\n\n"
);
}
render_change_message
render_change_message() renders the commit message for the change log.
sub render_change_message {
my ($self, $release, $change) = @_;
use Text::Wrap qw(fill);
return '' if $change->description() =~ /^\s/;
local $Text::Wrap::huge = 'wrap';
local $Text::Wrap::columns = $self->wrap_column();
return fill(" ", " ", $change->description) . "\n";
}
render_change_footer
render_change_footer() returns summary and/or divider text for the
change.
sub render_change_footer {
my ($self, $release, $change) = @_;
return "\n";
}
Formatting Data
Dist::Zilla::Plugin::ChangelogFromGit includes a few methods to
consistently format certain data types.
format_datetime
format_datetime() converts the DateTime objects used internally into
friendly, human readable dates and times for the change log.
sub format_datetime {
my ($self, $datetime) = @_;
return $datetime->strftime("%F %T %z");
}
format_release_tag
format_release_tag() turns potentially cryptic release tags into
friendly version numbers for the change log. By default, it also
replaces the 'HEAD' version with the current version being released.
This accommodates release managers who prefer to tag their
distributions after releasing them.
sub format_release_tag {
my ($self, $release_tag) = @_;
return 'version ' . $self->zilla()->version() if $release_tag eq 'HEAD';
my $tag_regexp = $self->tag_regexp();
$release_tag =~ s/$tag_regexp/version $1/;
return $release_tag;
}
surround_line
surround_line() will surround a line of output with lines of dashes or
other characters. It's used to help heading stand out. This method
takes two strings: a character (or string) that will repeat to fill
surrounding lines, and the line to surround. It returns a three-line
string: the original line preceded and followed by surrounding lines.
sub surround_line {
my ($self, $character, $string) = @_;
my $surrounder = substr(
($character x (length($string) / length($character) + 1)),
0,
length($string)
);
return "$surrounder\n$string\n$surrounder\n";
}
INTERNAL ATTRIBUTES
Dist::Zilla::Plugin::ChangelogFromGit accumulates useful information
into a few internal attributes. These aren't intended to be configured
by dist.ini, but they are important for rendering change logs.
earliest_date
earliest_date() contains a DateTime object that represents the date and
time of the earliest release to include. It's initialized as midnight
for the date max_age() days ago.
releases
releases() contains an array reference of Software::Release objects
that will be included in the change log.
all_releases
all_releases() returns a list of the Software::Release objects that
should be included in the change log. It's a friendly equivalent of
@{$self->releases()}.
get_release
get_release() returns a single release by index. The first release in
the change log may be retrieved as $self->get_release(0).
releae_count
release_count() returns the number of Software::Release objects in the
"releases" attribute.
sort_releases
sort_releases() sorts the Software::Release objects in the releases()
using some comparator. For example, to sort releases in time order:
$self->sort_releases(
sub {
DateTime->compare( $_[0]->date(), $_[1]->date() )
}
);
skipped_release_count
skipped_release_count() contains the number of releases truncated by
max_age(). The default render_changelog_footer() uses it to display the
number of changes that have been omitted from the log.
INTERNAL METHODS
Dist::Zilla::Plugin::ChangelogFromGit implements a couple of
"unpublished" methods. These are not intended for general use.
gather_files()
Find all release tags back to the earliest changelog date.
Add a virtual release for the most recent change in the repository.
This lets us include changes after the last releases, up to "HEAD".
rungit()
A wrapper to run git commands.
Subversion and CVS
This plugin is almost entirely a copy-and-paste port of a command-line
tool I wrote a while ago. I also have tools to generate similar change
logs for CVS and Subversion projects. I'm happy to contribute that code
to people interested in creating Dist::Zilla plugins for other version
control systems.
We should also consider abstracting the formatting code out to a role
so that it can be shared among different plugins.
BUGS
The documentation includes copies of the renderer methods. This
increases technical debt, since changes to those methods must also be
copied into the documentation. Rocco needs to finish Pod::Plexus and
use it here to simplify maintenance of the documentation.
Collecting all releases and changes before rendering the change log may
be considered harmful for extremely large projects. If someone thinks
they can generate change logs incrementally, their assistance would be
appreciated.
AUTHORS
Rocco Caputo <rcaputo@cpan.org> - Initial release, and ongoing
management and maintenance.
Cory G. Watson <gphat@cpan.org> - Made formatting extensible and
overridable.
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
This software is copyright (c) 2010-2018 by Rocco Caputo.
This is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it under
the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language itself.