Responses
=========
.. image:: https://travis-ci.org/getsentry/responses.svg?branch=master
:target: https://travis-ci.org/getsentry/responses
A utility library for mocking out the `requests` Python library.
.. note:: Responses requires Python 2.7 or newer, and requests >= 2.0
Basics
------
The core of ``responses`` comes from registering mock responses:
.. code-block:: python
import responses
@responses.activate
def test_simple():
responses.add(responses.GET, 'http://twitter.com/api/1/foobar',
json={'error': 'not found'}, status=404)
resp = requests.get('http://twitter.com/api/1/foobar')
assert resp.json() == {"error": "not found"}
assert len(responses.calls) == 1
assert responses.calls[0].request.url == 'http://twitter.com/api/1/foobar'
assert responses.calls[0].response.text == '{"error": "not found"}'
If you attempt to fetch a url which doesn't hit a match, ``responses`` will raise
a ``ConnectionError``:
.. code-block:: python
import responses
from requests.exceptions import ConnectionError
@responses.activate
def test_simple():
with pytest.raises(ConnectionError):
requests.get('http://twitter.com/api/1/foobar')
Lastly, you can pass an ``Exception`` as the body to trigger an error on the request:
.. code-block:: python
import responses
@responses.activate
def test_simple():
responses.add(responses.GET, 'http://twitter.com/api/1/foobar',
body=Exception('...'))
with pytest.raises(Exception):
requests.get('http://twitter.com/api/1/foobar')
Response Parameters
-------------------
Responses are automatically registered via params on ``add``, but can also be
passed directly:
.. code-block:: python
import responses
responses.add(
responses.Response(
method='GET',
url='http://example.com',
),
)
The following attributes can be passed to a Response mock:
method (``str``)
The HTTP method (GET, POST, etc).
url (``str`` or compiled regular expression)
The full resource URL.
match_querystring (``bool``)
Disabled by default. Include the query string when matching requests.
body (``str`` or ``BufferedReader``)
The response body.
json
A python object representing the JSON response body. Automatically configures
the appropriate Content-Type.
status (``int``)
The HTTP status code.
content_type (``content_type``)
Defaults to ``text/plain``.
headers (``dict``)
Response headers.
stream (``bool``)
Disabled by default. Indicates the response should use the streaming API.
Dynamic Responses
-----------------
You can utilize callbacks to provide dynamic responses. The callback must return
a tuple of (``status``, ``headers``, ``body``).
.. code-block:: python
import json
import responses
import requests
@responses.activate
def test_calc_api():
def request_callback(request):
payload = json.loads(request.body)
resp_body = {'value': sum(payload['numbers'])}
headers = {'request-id': '728d329e-0e86-11e4-a748-0c84dc037c13'}
return (200, headers, json.dumps(resp_body))
responses.add_callback(
responses.POST, 'http://calc.com/sum',
callback=request_callback,
content_type='application/json',
)
resp = requests.post(
'http://calc.com/sum',
json.dumps({'numbers': [1, 2, 3]}),
headers={'content-type': 'application/json'},
)
assert resp.json() == {'value': 6}
assert len(responses.calls) == 1
assert responses.calls[0].request.url == 'http://calc.com/sum'
assert responses.calls[0].response.text == '{"value": 6}'
assert (
responses.calls[0].response.headers['request-id'] ==
'728d329e-0e86-11e4-a748-0c84dc037c13'
)
Responses as a context manager
------------------------------
.. code-block:: python
import responses
import requests
def test_my_api():
with responses.RequestsMock() as rsps:
rsps.add(responses.GET, 'http://twitter.com/api/1/foobar',
body='{}', status=200,
content_type='application/json')
resp = requests.get('http://twitter.com/api/1/foobar')
assert resp.status_code == 200
# outside the context manager requests will hit the remote server
resp = requests.get('http://twitter.com/api/1/foobar')
resp.status_code == 404
Assertions on declared responses
--------------------------------
When used as a context manager, Responses will, by default, raise an assertion
error if a url was registered but not accessed. This can be disabled by passing
the ``assert_all_requests_are_fired`` value:
.. code-block:: python
import responses
import requests
def test_my_api():
with responses.RequestsMock(assert_all_requests_are_fired=False) as rsps:
rsps.add(responses.GET, 'http://twitter.com/api/1/foobar',
body='{}', status=200,
content_type='application/json')
Multiple Responses
------------------
You can also add multiple responses for the same url:
.. code-block:: python
import responses
import requests
@responses.activate
def test_my_api():
responses.add(responses.GET, 'http://twitter.com/api/1/foobar', status=500)
responses.add(responses.GET, 'http://twitter.com/api/1/foobar',
body='{}', status=200,
content_type='application/json')
resp = requests.get('http://twitter.com/api/1/foobar')
assert resp.status_code == 500
resp = requests.get('http://twitter.com/api/1/foobar')
assert resp.status_code == 200
Using a callback to modify the response
---------------------------------------
If you use customized processing in `requests` via subclassing/mixins, or if you
have library tools that interact with `requests` at a low level, you may need
to add extended processing to the mocked Response object to fully simlulate the
environment for your tests. A `response_callback` can be used, which will be
wrapped by the library before being returned to the caller. The callback
accepts a `response` as it's single argument, and is expected to return a
single `response` object.
.. code-block:: python
import responses
import requests
def response_callback(resp):
resp.callback_processed = True
return resp
with responses.RequestsMock(response_callback=response_callback) as m:
m.add(responses.GET, 'http://example.com', body=b'test')
resp = requests.get('http://example.com')
assert resp.text == "test"
assert hasattr(resp, 'callback_processed')
assert resp.callback_processed is True
Passing thru real requests
--------------------------
In some cases you may wish to allow for certain requests to pass thru responses
and hit a real server. This can be done with the 'passthru' methods:
.. code-block:: python
import responses
@responses.activate
def test_my_api():
responses.add_passthru('https://percy.io')
This will allow any requests matching that prefix, that is otherwise not registered
as a mock response, to passthru using the standard behavior.