.\" (C) Copyright 1998-2021 Craig Small <csmall@debian.org>
.\" This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
.\" it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
.\" the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
.\" (at your option) any later version.
.\"
.TH DH_MAKE 1 2021-09-21 "Debian Project"
.SH NAME
dh_make \- prepare upstream source for Debian packaging
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B dh_make
[\fIoption\fR]...
.SH DESCRIPTION
.B dh_make
is a tool that adds necessary files for making Debian source package from
upstream source according to the requirements of the Debian Policy.
.B dh_make
must be invoked within a directory containing the source code, which must
be named <packagename>\-<version>.
The <packagename> must be all lowercase,
The <packagename> and <version>
must be all lowercase,
digits and dashes. The <version> can also contain digits, and the symbols
plus, dot, tilde. The <version> must start with a digit.
If the directory name does not conform to this scheme,
you must rename it before using 
.B dh_make.
Alternatively, you may be able to use the \fB\-\-packagename\fR option to force 
the package name.
.br
.SS PACKAGE CLASSES
Classes can be set with the single direct options (such as \-\-s for single)
or with the -C,--packageclass option (\-C=s for single).
.TP
.B Single binary (s)
The package will generate a single binary .deb package. It is the standard
case, so if you don't know what to do, choose this.
.TP
.B Arch-Independent (i)
The package will generate a single package that is arch-independent.
.TP
.B Library (l)
The package will generate at least two binaries. One library package
containing just the lib in \fI/usr/lib\fR and another *\-dev_*.deb package
containing documentation and C headers.
.TP
.SS ACTIONS PERFORMED
Unless \fB\-\-native\fR was given, 
.B dh_make
makes sure a original source archive (<packagename>_<version>.orig.tar.gz)
exists. The archive can either end with .gz or one of the other supported
compression extensions such as bz2 or lzma.
If no such file exists, the file specified with \fB\-f\fR is copied in place.
If no \fB\-f\fR is supplied either but \fB\-\-createorig\fR is, the current
directory is created into a new archive
.I ../<packagename>\-<version>.orig.tar.gz
The original archive is needed for other Debian tools to generate the
diffs to the original sources required by the Debian packaging format.
Unless there are reasons against it, this file should be the pristine
upstream archive.
.PP
Then
.B dh_make
proceeds to generate a "debian" subdirectory and the necessary control
files in the program source directory. Those control files are customized
with the packagename and version extracted from the directory name.

.B dh_make
makes several attempts to obtain the username. It first checks for the 
environment variables \fB$DEBFULLNAME\fR, \fB$LOGNAME\fR is used to
find a name in the \fI/etc/passwd\fR file, and through NIS, YP
and LDAP.

The e\-mail address can either be specified with the -fB\-\-email\fR option
or
.B dh_make
will attempt to find it. It will first check the environment variables
\fB$DEBEMAIL\fR and then \fB$EMAIL. If they are not set then 
.B dh_make
will search an available LDAP directory using
.BR ldapsearch (1)
using \fB$LOGNAME\fR as the uid to search under.  Finally it will use
\fB$LOGNAME\fR and \fI/etc/mailname\fR to generate an email address.

.B dh_make
will also generate example files that are also customized for the package
generated. You can remove all files with *.ex if you wish. You can also
delete the README.Debian file if you don't have anything to put in it.
Renaming the example files to their name without the .ex at the end (and
editing them if necessary) will activate that feature of debhelper.
.PP
If the \fB\-\-templates\fR or \fB\-o\fR (\fB\-\-overlay\fR) option is used
.B dh_make
will apply a customizing template to the "debian" directory. See the
templates described in the FILES section of this manpage for samples.
.SH OPTIONS
.TP
.BR \-c ", " \-\-copyright\  \fIlicense\fR
Use \fIlicense\fR type in copyright file.  \fIlicense\fR can be
apache, artistic, bsd, expat, gpl, gpl2, gpl3, isc, lgpl, lgpl2, lgpl3,
or custom.
If this field is not specified the copyright file has a space to
fill in which sort of license is used. The field is case-insensitive so
\-c GPL works as well as \-c gpl. gpl and lgpl will give you version 3
of the corresponding license, apache implies Apache v2.0. If you need a 
different version, change the
license file afterwards or use the gpl2 and lgpl2 options.  If you select
custom here you will need to use the \fB\-\-copyrightfile\fR option as well.
.TP
.BR \-\-copyrightfile\ \fIfilename\fR
When using the custom \fB\-\-copyright\fR option this is the location of
your custom copyright file. \fBdh_make\fR will process this file just like
the standard copyright files. It is suggested you use one of the existing
license files as a starting point.
.TP
.B \-\-docs
Create a separate \fIPACKAGE-doc\fR binary package. All found documents
in the source package will be installed here.
.TP
.BR \-e ", " \-\-email\ \fIaddress\fR
Use \fIaddress\fR as the e\-mail address in the Maintainer: field of
debian/control file.
.TP
.BR \-n ", " \-\-native
Create a native Debian packages, i.e. do not generate a .orig archive, 
since it will be generated when building with dpkg-buildpackage.
The version number will not have a Debian revision number (e.g. \-1)
appended to it.
.TP
.BR \-f ", " \-\-file\ \fIfile\fR
Use \fIfile\fR as the original source archive, and skip the copying of the
current program tree to program.orig.
.TP
.BR \-l ", " \-\-library
Automatically set the package class to Library, skipping the question.
.TP
.BR \-s ", " \-\-single
Automatically set the package class to Single binary, skipping the question.
.TP
.BR \-i ", " \-\-indep
Automatically set the package class to arch-independent binary, skipping the question.
.TP
.BR \-a ", " \-\-addmissing
Adds missing example and control files on an existing debian source directory.
.TP
.BR \-t ", " \-\-templates\ \fIdirectory\fR
Applies the customizing templates in \fIdirectory\fR to the debian directory.
.TP
.BR \-o ", " \-\-overlay\ \fIdirectory\fR
Applies a customization template to an existing debian directory.
.TP
.BR \-p ", " \-\-packagename\ \fIname\fR
Force the package name to be \fIname\fR, good for packages with hyphens in their
name or other strangeness. You can also make the parameter
.IR name \_ version
which will set both the package name and version and bypass and directory
checking.
.TP
.BR \-d ", " \-\-defaultless
Skips applying the default templates to the target debian directory. Generally
used in conjunction with either the \fB\-\-overlay\fR or \fB\-\-templates\fR
options.
.TP
.BR \-h ", " \-\-help
Display the name, version, available options and authors, and exit
successfully.
.TP
.BR \-v ", " \-\-version
Show the program name and version, and exit successfully.
.TP
.BR \-y ", " \-\-yes
Automatic yes to prompts and run non-interactively.  The package class
needs to be set for \fBdh\_make\fR to run fully automatically.
.SH ENVIRONMENT
The following environment settings are used by \fBdh\_make\fR:
.TP
.B DEBEMAIL
Email address to use in control and changelog entries.
.TP
.B DEBFULLNAME
You full name, eg "John Doe" which will appear in the control and changelog
entries.
.TP
.B EMAIL
Email address to use in control and changelog entries, only used if \fBDEBEMAIL\fR is no set.
.TP
.B LOGNAME
Default username used for looking up email and full name in other directories.
.SH FILES
.TP
.I /usr/share/debhelper/dh_make
Directory that contains all the template files, separated in six
directories: 
.TP
.I debian/
with files for all package classes,
.TP
.I debians/
with files specific to the Single binary class,
.TP
.I debianl/
with files specific to the Library class, and finally,
.TP
.I native/
with files specific to the native Debian packages.
.TP
.I licenses/
template files for the more common licenses used in Debian packages
.SH EXAMPLES
.PP
To get \fBdh\_make\fR to use the defaults and ask you various questions
about the package
.in +4n
.nf

dh_make

.fi
.in
.PP
Create your single class package using the with the GPL license:
.in +4n
.nf

dh_make \-s \-c gpl

.fi
.in
.PP
A more involved example where you set your name in the environment, contact \
email and license in the options and specify the upstream file:
.in +4n
.nf

DEBFULLNAME="John Doe"
.br
dh_make \-\-email contact@example.com \-\-copyright=bsd \\
.br
\ \-\-file ../foo.tar.gz 

.fi
.in
.SH BUGS
.B dh_make 
may not detect your username and email address correctly when using sudo.
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR dpkg (1),
.BR dpkg\-buildpackage (1),
.BR dh (1),
.BR make\-kpkg (1),
.BR debhelper (7).
.P
You may also want to read the Debian Policy (in
\fI/usr/share/doc/debian\-policy\fR) and the New Maintainers' Guide (in
\fI/usr/share/doc/maint-guide\fR).