/*
* Modified for NRL 4.4BSD IPv6 release.
* 07/31/96 bgp
*
* Search for "#ifdef NRL" to find the changes.
*/
/*
* Modified for Linux IPv6 by Pedro Roque <roque@di.fc.ul.pt>
* 31/07/1996
*
* As ICMP error messages for IPv6 now include more than 8 bytes
* UDP datagrams are now sent via an UDP socket instead of magic
* RAW socket tricks.
*
* Original copyright and comments left intact. They might not
* match the code anymore.
*/
/*-
* Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
* The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
*
* This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
* Van Jacobson.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
/*
* traceroute host - trace the route ip packets follow going to "host".
*
* Attempt to trace the route an ip packet would follow to some
* internet host. We find out intermediate hops by launching probe
* packets with a small ttl (time to live) then listening for an
* icmp "time exceeded" reply from a gateway. We start our probes
* with a ttl of one and increase by one until we get an icmp "port
* unreachable" (which means we got to "host") or hit a max (which
* defaults to 30 hops & can be changed with the -m flag). Three
* probes (change with -q flag) are sent at each ttl setting and a
* line is printed showing the ttl, address of the gateway and
* round trip time of each probe. If the probe answers come from
* different gateways, the address of each responding system will
* be printed. If there is no response within a 5 sec. timeout
* interval (changed with the -w flag), a "*" is printed for that
* probe.
*
* Probe packets are UDP format. We don't want the destination
* host to process them so the destination port is set to an
* unlikely value (if some clod on the destination is using that
* value, it can be changed with the -p flag).
*
* A sample use might be:
*
* [yak 71]% traceroute nis.nsf.net.
* traceroute to nis.nsf.net (35.1.1.48), 30 hops max, 56 byte packet
* 1 helios.ee.lbl.gov (128.3.112.1) 19 ms 19 ms 0 ms
* 2 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 39 ms 19 ms
* 3 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 39 ms 19 ms
* 4 ccngw-ner-cc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.136.23) 39 ms 40 ms 39 ms
* 5 ccn-nerif22.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.168.22) 39 ms 39 ms 39 ms
* 6 128.32.197.4 (128.32.197.4) 40 ms 59 ms 59 ms
* 7 131.119.2.5 (131.119.2.5) 59 ms 59 ms 59 ms
* 8 129.140.70.13 (129.140.70.13) 99 ms 99 ms 80 ms
* 9 129.140.71.6 (129.140.71.6) 139 ms 239 ms 319 ms
* 10 129.140.81.7 (129.140.81.7) 220 ms 199 ms 199 ms
* 11 nic.merit.edu (35.1.1.48) 239 ms 239 ms 239 ms
*
* Note that lines 2 & 3 are the same. This is due to a buggy
* kernel on the 2nd hop system -- lbl-csam.arpa -- that forwards
* packets with a zero ttl.
*
* A more interesting example is:
*
* [yak 72]% traceroute allspice.lcs.mit.edu.
* traceroute to allspice.lcs.mit.edu (18.26.0.115), 30 hops max
* 1 helios.ee.lbl.gov (128.3.112.1) 0 ms 0 ms 0 ms
* 2 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 19 ms 19 ms 19 ms
* 3 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 19 ms 19 ms
* 4 ccngw-ner-cc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.136.23) 19 ms 39 ms 39 ms
* 5 ccn-nerif22.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.168.22) 20 ms 39 ms 39 ms
* 6 128.32.197.4 (128.32.197.4) 59 ms 119 ms 39 ms
* 7 131.119.2.5 (131.119.2.5) 59 ms 59 ms 39 ms
* 8 129.140.70.13 (129.140.70.13) 80 ms 79 ms 99 ms
* 9 129.140.71.6 (129.140.71.6) 139 ms 139 ms 159 ms
* 10 129.140.81.7 (129.140.81.7) 199 ms 180 ms 300 ms
* 11 129.140.72.17 (129.140.72.17) 300 ms 239 ms 239 ms
* 12 * * *
* 13 128.121.54.72 (128.121.54.72) 259 ms 499 ms 279 ms
* 14 * * *
* 15 * * *
* 16 * * *
* 17 * * *
* 18 ALLSPICE.LCS.MIT.EDU (18.26.0.115) 339 ms 279 ms 279 ms
*
* (I start to see why I'm having so much trouble with mail to
* MIT.) Note that the gateways 12, 14, 15, 16 & 17 hops away
* either don't send ICMP "time exceeded" messages or send them
* with a ttl too small to reach us. 14 - 17 are running the
* MIT C Gateway code that doesn't send "time exceeded"s. God
* only knows what's going on with 12.
*
* The silent gateway 12 in the above may be the result of a bug in
* the 4.[23]BSD network code (and its derivatives): 4.x (x <= 3)
* sends an unreachable message using whatever ttl remains in the
* original datagram. Since, for gateways, the remaining ttl is
* zero, the icmp "time exceeded" is guaranteed to not make it back
* to us. The behavior of this bug is slightly more interesting
* when it appears on the destination system:
*
* 1 helios.ee.lbl.gov (128.3.112.1) 0 ms 0 ms 0 ms
* 2 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 19 ms 39 ms
* 3 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 19 ms 39 ms 19 ms
* 4 ccngw-ner-cc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.136.23) 39 ms 40 ms 19 ms
* 5 ccn-nerif35.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.168.35) 39 ms 39 ms 39 ms
* 6 csgw.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.133.254) 39 ms 59 ms 39 ms
* 7 * * *
* 8 * * *
* 9 * * *
* 10 * * *
* 11 * * *
* 12 * * *
* 13 rip.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.131.22) 59 ms ! 39 ms ! 39 ms !
*
* Notice that there are 12 "gateways" (13 is the final
* destination) and exactly the last half of them are "missing".
* What's really happening is that rip (a Sun-3 running Sun OS3.5)
* is using the ttl from our arriving datagram as the ttl in its
* icmp reply. So, the reply will time out on the return path
* (with no notice sent to anyone since icmp's aren't sent for
* icmp's) until we probe with a ttl that's at least twice the path
* length. I.e., rip is really only 7 hops away. A reply that
* returns with a ttl of 1 is a clue this problem exists.
* Traceroute prints a "!" after the time if the ttl is <= 1.
* Since vendors ship a lot of obsolete (DEC's Ultrix, Sun 3.x) or
* non-standard (HPUX) software, expect to see this problem
* frequently and/or take care picking the target host of your
* probes.
*
* Other possible annotations after the time are !H, !N, !P (got a host,
* network or protocol unreachable, respectively), !S or !F (source
* route failed or fragmentation needed -- neither of these should
* ever occur and the associated gateway is busted if you see one),
* !X (communication administratively prohibited). If
* almost all the probes result in some kind of unreachable, traceroute
* will give up and exit.
*
* Notes
* -----
* This program must be run by root or be setuid. (I suggest that
* you *don't* make it setuid -- casual use could result in a lot
* of unnecessary traffic on our poor, congested nets.)
*
* This program requires a kernel mod that does not appear in any
* system available from Berkeley: A raw ip socket using proto
* IPPROTO_RAW must interpret the data sent as an ip datagram (as
* opposed to data to be wrapped in a ip datagram). See the README
* file that came with the source to this program for a description
* of the mods I made to /sys/netinet/raw_ip.c. Your mileage may
* vary. But, again, ANY 4.x (x < 4) BSD KERNEL WILL HAVE TO BE
* MODIFIED TO RUN THIS PROGRAM.
*
* The udp port usage may appear bizarre (well, ok, it is bizarre).
* The problem is that an icmp message only contains 8 bytes of
* data from the original datagram. 8 bytes is the size of a udp
* header so, if we want to associate replies with the original
* datagram, the necessary information must be encoded into the
* udp header (the ip id could be used but there's no way to
* interlock with the kernel's assignment of ip id's and, anyway,
* it would have taken a lot more kernel hacking to allow this
* code to set the ip id). So, to allow two or more users to
* use traceroute simultaneously, we use this task's pid as the
* source port (the high bit is set to move the port number out
* of the "likely" range). To keep track of which probe is being
* replied to (so times and/or hop counts don't get confused by a
* reply that was delayed in transit), we increment the destination
* port number before each probe.
*
* Don't use this as a coding example. I was trying to find a
* routing problem and this code sort-of popped out after 48 hours
* without sleep. I was amazed it ever compiled, much less ran.
*
* I stole the idea for this program from Steve Deering. Since
* the first release, I've learned that had I attended the right
* IETF working group meetings, I also could have stolen it from Guy
* Almes or Matt Mathis. I don't know (or care) who came up with
* the idea first. I envy the originators' perspicacity and I'm
* glad they didn't keep the idea a secret.
*
* Tim Seaver, Ken Adelman and C. Philip Wood provided bug fixes and/or
* enhancements to the original distribution.
*
* I've hacked up a round-trip-route version of this that works by
* sending a loose-source-routed udp datagram through the destination
* back to yourself. Unfortunately, SO many gateways botch source
* routing, the thing is almost worthless. Maybe one day...
*
* -- Van Jacobson (van@helios.ee.lbl.gov)
* Tue Dec 20 03:50:13 PST 1988
*/
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <netinet/icmp6.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/in_systm.h>
#include <netinet/ip6.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
#include <netinet/udp.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/file.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#if __linux__
# include <endian.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_LIBCAP
# include <sys/capability.h>
#endif
#include "iputils_common.h"
#ifdef USE_IDN
# define ADDRINFO_IDN_FLAGS AI_IDN
# define getnameinfo_flags NI_IDN
#else
# define getnameinfo_flags 0
# define ADDRINFO_IDN_FLAGS 0
#endif
enum {
DEFAULT_PROBES = 3,
DEFAULT_HOPS = 30,
DEFAULT_PORT = 32768 + 666,
DEFAULT_WAIT = 5,
PACKET_SIZE = 512,
MAXPACKET = 65535,
/*
* The following are copy from linux/icmpv6.h that cannot be
* included because icmp6_filter prototype is redefined in
* netinet/icmp6.h header.
*/
ICMPV6_DEST_UNREACH = 1,
ICMPV6_PKT_TOOBIG = 2,
ICMPV6_TIME_EXCEED = 3,
ICMPV6_PARAMPROB = 4,
ICMPV6_ECHO_REQUEST = 128,
ICMPV6_ECHO_REPLY = 129,
ICMPV6_MGM_QUERY = 130,
ICMPV6_MGM_REPORT = 131,
ICMPV6_MGM_REDUCTION = 132,
ICMPV6_NI_QUERY = 139,
ICMPV6_NI_REPLY = 140,
ICMPV6_MLD2_REPORT = 143,
ICMPV6_DHAAD_REQUEST = 144,
ICMPV6_DHAAD_REPLY = 145,
ICMPV6_MOBILE_PREFIX_SOL = 146,
ICMPV6_MOBILE_PREFIX_ADV = 147,
/*
* ICMP codes for neighbour discovery messages. These are from
* linux kernel source include/net/ndisc.h file. The user api
* includes does not have these values.
*/
NDISC_ROUTER_SOLICITATION = 133,
NDISC_ROUTER_ADVERTISEMENT = 134,
NDISC_NEIGHBOUR_SOLICITATION = 135,
NDISC_NEIGHBOUR_ADVERTISEMENT = 136,
NDISC_REDIRECT = 137,
};
#ifndef FD_SET
# define NFDBITS (8 * sizeof(fd_set))
# define FD_SETSIZE NFDBITS
# define FD_SET(n, p) ((p)->fds_bits[(n) / NFDBITS] |= (1 << ((n) % NFDBITS)))
# define FD_CLR(n, p) ((p)->fds_bits[(n) / NFDBITS] &= ~(1 << ((n) % NFDBITS)))
# define FD_ISSET(n, p) ((p)->fds_bits[(n) / NFDBITS] & (1 << ((n) % NFDBITS)))
# define FD_ZERO(p) memset((char *)(p), 0, sizeof(*(p)))
#endif
struct run_state {
unsigned char packet[PACKET_SIZE]; /* last inbound (icmp) packet */
int icmp_sock; /* receive (icmp) socket file descriptor */
int sndsock; /* send (udp) socket file descriptor */
char *sendbuff;
int datalen;
struct sockaddr_in6 whereto; /* Who to try to reach */
struct sockaddr_in6 saddr;
struct sockaddr_in6 firsthop;
char *source;
char *device;
char *hostname;
long nprobes;
int max_ttl;
pid_t ident;
uint16_t port; /* start udp dest port # for probe packets */
int options; /* socket options */
int waittime; /* time to wait for response (in seconds) */
unsigned int
nflag:1, /* print addresses numerically */
verbose:1;
};
struct pkt_format {
uint32_t ident;
uint32_t seq;
struct timespec ts;
};
/*
* All includes, definitions, struct declarations, and global variables are
* above. After this comment all you can find is functions.
*/
static int wait_for_reply(struct run_state *ctl, struct sockaddr_in6 *from,
struct in6_addr *to, const uint8_t reset_timer)
{
fd_set fds;
static struct timeval wait;
ssize_t cc = 0;
char cbuf[PACKET_SIZE];
FD_ZERO(&fds);
FD_SET(ctl->icmp_sock, &fds);
if (reset_timer) {
/*
* traceroute could hang if someone else has a ping
* running and our ICMP reply gets dropped but we don't
* realize it because we keep waking up to handle those
* other ICMP packets that keep coming in. To fix this,
* "reset_timer" will only be true if the last packet that
* came in was for us or if this is the first time we're
* waiting for a reply since sending out a probe. Note
* that this takes advantage of the select() feature on
* Linux where the remaining timeout is written to the
* struct timeval area.
*/
wait.tv_sec = ctl->waittime;
wait.tv_usec = 0;
}
if (select(ctl->icmp_sock + 1, &fds, NULL, NULL, &wait) > 0) {
struct iovec iov = {
.iov_base = ctl->packet,
.iov_len = sizeof(ctl->packet)
};
struct msghdr msg = {
.msg_name = (void *)from,
.msg_namelen = sizeof(*from),
.msg_iov = &iov,
.msg_iovlen = 1,
.msg_control = cbuf,
.msg_controllen = sizeof(cbuf),
0
};
cc = recvmsg(ctl->icmp_sock, &msg, 0);
if (cc >= 0) {
struct cmsghdr *cmsg;
struct in6_pktinfo *ipi;
for (cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg); cmsg; cmsg = CMSG_NXTHDR(&msg, cmsg)) {
if (cmsg->cmsg_level != SOL_IPV6)
continue;
switch (cmsg->cmsg_type) {
case IPV6_PKTINFO:
#ifdef IPV6_2292PKTINFO
case IPV6_2292PKTINFO:
#endif
ipi = (struct in6_pktinfo *)
CMSG_DATA(cmsg);
memcpy(to, ipi, sizeof(*to));
}
}
}
}
return (cc);
}
static void send_probe(struct run_state *ctl, uint32_t seq, int ttl)
{
struct pkt_format *pkt = (struct pkt_format *)ctl->sendbuff;
int i;
pkt->ident = htonl(ctl->ident);
pkt->seq = htonl(seq);
clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &pkt->ts);
i = setsockopt(ctl->sndsock, SOL_IPV6, IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS, &ttl, sizeof(ttl));
if (i < 0)
error(1, errno, "setsockopt");
do {
i = sendto(ctl->sndsock, ctl->sendbuff, ctl->datalen, 0,
(struct sockaddr *)&ctl->whereto, sizeof(ctl->whereto));
} while (i < 0 && errno == ECONNREFUSED);
if (i < 0 || i != ctl->datalen) {
if (i < 0)
error(0, errno, "sendto");
printf(_("traceroute: wrote %s %d chars, ret=%d\n"), ctl->hostname, ctl->datalen, i);
fflush(stdout);
}
}
static double deltaT(struct timespec *a, struct timespec *b)
{
struct timespec c;
double dt;
if ((b->tv_nsec - a->tv_nsec) < 0) {
c.tv_sec = b->tv_sec - a->tv_sec - 1UL;
c.tv_nsec = b->tv_nsec - a->tv_nsec + 1000000000UL;
} else {
c.tv_sec = b->tv_sec - a->tv_sec;
c.tv_nsec = b->tv_nsec - a->tv_nsec;
}
dt = (double)(c.tv_sec * 1000.0L) + (double)(c.tv_nsec / 1000000.0L);
return (dt);
}
/*
* Convert an ICMP "type" field to a printable string.
*/
static char const *pr_type(const uint8_t t)
{
switch (t) {
/* Unknown */
case 0:
return _("Error");
case ICMPV6_DEST_UNREACH:
return _("Destination Unreachable");
case ICMPV6_PKT_TOOBIG:
return _("Packet Too Big");
case ICMPV6_TIME_EXCEED:
return _("Time Exceeded in Transit");
case ICMPV6_PARAMPROB:
return _("Parameter Problem");
case ICMPV6_ECHO_REQUEST:
return _("Echo Request");
case ICMPV6_ECHO_REPLY:
return _("Echo Reply");
case ICMPV6_MGM_QUERY:
return _("Membership Query");
case ICMPV6_MGM_REPORT:
return _("Membership Report");
case ICMPV6_MGM_REDUCTION:
return _("Membership Reduction");
case NDISC_ROUTER_SOLICITATION:
return _("Router Solicitation");
case NDISC_ROUTER_ADVERTISEMENT:
return _("Router Advertisement");
case NDISC_NEIGHBOUR_SOLICITATION:
return _("Neighbor Solicitation");
case NDISC_NEIGHBOUR_ADVERTISEMENT:
return _("Neighbor Advertisement");
case NDISC_REDIRECT:
return _("Redirect");
case ICMPV6_NI_QUERY:
return _("Neighbor Query");
case ICMPV6_NI_REPLY:
return _("Neighbor Reply");
case ICMPV6_MLD2_REPORT:
return _("Multicast Listener Report packet");
case ICMPV6_DHAAD_REQUEST:
return _("Home Agent Address Discovery Request Message");
case ICMPV6_DHAAD_REPLY:
return _("Home Agent Address Discovery Reply message");
case ICMPV6_MOBILE_PREFIX_SOL:
return _("Mobile Prefix Solicitation Message");
case ICMPV6_MOBILE_PREFIX_ADV:
return _("Mobile Prefix Solicitation Advertisement");
default:
return _("OUT-OF-RANGE");
}
abort();
}
static int packet_ok(struct run_state *ctl, int cc, struct sockaddr_in6 *from,
struct in6_addr *to, uint32_t seq, struct timespec *ts)
{
struct icmp6_hdr *icp = (struct icmp6_hdr *)ctl->packet;
uint8_t type, code;
type = icp->icmp6_type;
code = icp->icmp6_code;
if ((type == ICMP6_TIME_EXCEEDED && code == ICMP6_TIME_EXCEED_TRANSIT)
|| type == ICMP6_DST_UNREACH) {
struct ip6_hdr *hip;
struct udphdr *up;
int nexthdr;
hip = (struct ip6_hdr *)(icp + 1);
up = (struct udphdr *)(hip + 1);
nexthdr = hip->ip6_nxt;
if (nexthdr == 44) {
nexthdr = *(unsigned char *)up;
up++;
}
if (nexthdr == IPPROTO_UDP) {
struct pkt_format *pkt;
pkt = (struct pkt_format *)(up + 1);
if (ntohl(pkt->ident) == (uint32_t) ctl->ident && ntohl(pkt->seq) == seq) {
*ts = pkt->ts;
return (type == ICMP6_TIME_EXCEEDED ? -1 : code + 1);
}
}
}
if (ctl->verbose) {
unsigned char *p;
char pa1[NI_MAXHOST];
char pa2[NI_MAXHOST];
int i;
p = (unsigned char *)(icp + 1);
printf("\n%d bytes from %s to %s", cc,
inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &from->sin6_addr, pa1, sizeof(pa1)),
inet_ntop(AF_INET6, to, pa2, sizeof(pa2)));
printf(": icmp type %d (%s) code %d\n", type, pr_type(type), icp->icmp6_code);
cc -= sizeof(struct icmp6_hdr);
for (i = 0; i < cc; i++) {
if (i % 16 == 0)
printf("%04x:", i);
if (i % 4 == 0)
printf(" ");
printf("%02x", 0xff & (unsigned)p[i]);
if (i % 16 == 15 && i + 1 < cc)
printf("\n");
}
printf("\n");
}
return (0);
}
static void print(struct run_state *ctl, struct sockaddr_in6 *from)
{
char pa[NI_MAXHOST] = "";
char hnamebuf[NI_MAXHOST] = "";
if (ctl->nflag)
printf(" %s", inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &from->sin6_addr, pa, sizeof(pa)));
else {
inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &from->sin6_addr, pa, sizeof(pa));
getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)from, sizeof *from, hnamebuf,
sizeof hnamebuf, NULL, 0, getnameinfo_flags);
printf(" %s (%s)", hnamebuf[0] ? hnamebuf : pa, pa);
}
}
static __attribute__((noreturn)) void usage(void)
{
fprintf(stderr, _(
"\nUsage:\n"
" traceroute6 [options] <destination>\n"
"\nOptions:\n"
" -d use SO_DEBUG socket option\n"
" -i <device> bind to <device>\n"
" -m <hops> use maximum <hops>\n"
" -n no dns name resolution\n"
" -p <port> use destination <port>\n"
" -q <nprobes> number of probes\n"
" -r use SO_DONTROUTE socket option\n"
" -s <address> use source <address>\n"
" -v verbose output\n"
" -w <timeout> time to wait for response\n"
"\nFor more details see traceroute6(8).\n"));
exit(1);
}
static uint16_t get_ip_unprivileged_port_start(const uint16_t fallback)
{
FILE *f;
uint16_t nr = fallback;
f = fopen("/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_unprivileged_port_start", "r");
if (f) {
if (fscanf(f, "%" SCNu16, &nr) != 1)
nr = fallback;
fclose(f);
}
return nr;
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
struct run_state ctl = {
.nprobes = DEFAULT_PROBES,
.max_ttl = DEFAULT_HOPS,
.port = DEFAULT_PORT,
.waittime = DEFAULT_WAIT,
0
};
char pa[NI_MAXHOST];
extern char *optarg;
extern int optind;
struct addrinfo hints6 = {
.ai_family = AF_INET6,
.ai_socktype = SOCK_RAW,
.ai_flags = AI_CANONNAME | ADDRINFO_IDN_FLAGS
};
struct addrinfo *result;
int status;
struct sockaddr_in6 from;
struct sockaddr_in6 *to = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)&ctl.whereto;
int ch, i, ttl, on = 1;
long probe;
uint32_t seq = 0;
char *resolved_hostname = NULL;
atexit(close_stdout);
ctl.datalen = sizeof(struct pkt_format);
ctl.icmp_sock = socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMPV6);
if (ctl.icmp_sock < 0)
error(1, errno, "icmp socket");
if (setuid(getuid()))
error(-1, errno, "setuid");
#ifdef HAVE_LIBCAP
{
cap_t caps = cap_init();
if (cap_set_proc(caps))
error(-1, errno, "cap_set_proc");
cap_free(caps);
}
#endif
#if defined(USE_IDN) || defined(ENABLE_NLS)
setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
#ifdef ENABLE_NLS
bindtextdomain (PACKAGE_NAME, LOCALEDIR);
textdomain (PACKAGE_NAME);
#endif
#endif
while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "dm:np:q:rs:w:vi:V")) != EOF) {
switch (ch) {
case 'd':
ctl.options |= SO_DEBUG;
break;
case 'm':
ctl.max_ttl = strtol_or_err(optarg, _("invalid argument"), 2, INT_MAX);
break;
case 'n':
ctl.nflag = 1;
break;
case 'p':
ctl.port = strtol_or_err(optarg, _("invalid argument"), 1, UINT16_MAX);
break;
case 'q':
ctl.nprobes = strtol_or_err(optarg, _("invalid argument"), 1, LONG_MAX);
break;
case 'r':
ctl.options |= SO_DONTROUTE;
break;
case 's':
/*
* set the ip source address of the outbound probe
* (e.g., on a multi-homed host).
*/
ctl.source = optarg;
break;
case 'i':
ctl.device = optarg;
break;
case 'v':
ctl.verbose = 1;
break;
case 'w':
ctl.waittime = atoi(optarg);
if (ctl.waittime <= 1)
error(1, 0, _("wait must be >1 sec"));
break;
case 'V':
printf(IPUTILS_VERSION("traceroute6"));
exit(0);
default:
usage();
}
}
argc -= optind;
argv += optind;
if (argc < 1)
usage();
setlinebuf(stdout);
memset((char *)&ctl.whereto, 0, sizeof(ctl.whereto));
to->sin6_family = AF_INET6;
if (inet_pton(AF_INET6, *argv, &to->sin6_addr) > 0) {
ctl.hostname = *argv;
} else {
status = getaddrinfo(*argv, NULL, &hints6, &result);
if (status)
error(1, 0, "%s: %s", *argv, gai_strerror(status));
memcpy(to, result->ai_addr, sizeof *to);
resolved_hostname = strdup(result->ai_canonname);
if (resolved_hostname == NULL)
error(1, errno, "cannot allocate memory");
ctl.hostname = resolved_hostname;
freeaddrinfo(result);
}
to->sin6_port = htons(ctl.port);
ctl.firsthop = *to;
if (*++argv) {
ctl.datalen = atoi(*argv);
/*
* Message for rpm maintainers: have _shame_. If you want
* to fix something send the patch to me for sanity
* checking. "datalen" patch is a shit.
*/
if (ctl.datalen == 0)
ctl.datalen = sizeof(struct pkt_format);
else if (ctl.datalen < (int)sizeof(struct pkt_format) || ctl.datalen >= MAXPACKET)
error(1, 0, "packet size must be %zu <= s < %d",
sizeof(struct pkt_format), MAXPACKET);
}
ctl.ident = getpid();
ctl.sendbuff = malloc(ctl.datalen);
if (ctl.sendbuff == NULL)
error(1, errno, "cannot allocate memory");
#ifdef IPV6_RECVPKTINFO
setsockopt(ctl.icmp_sock, SOL_IPV6, IPV6_RECVPKTINFO, &on, sizeof(on));
setsockopt(ctl.icmp_sock, SOL_IPV6, IPV6_2292PKTINFO, &on, sizeof(on));
#else
setsockopt(ctl.icmp_sock, SOL_IPV6, IPV6_PKTINFO, &on, sizeof(on));
#endif
if (ctl.options & SO_DEBUG)
setsockopt(ctl.icmp_sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&on, sizeof(on));
if (ctl.options & SO_DONTROUTE)
setsockopt(ctl.icmp_sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&on, sizeof(on));
#ifdef __linux__
on = 2;
if (setsockopt(ctl.icmp_sock, SOL_RAW, IPV6_CHECKSUM, &on, sizeof(on)) < 0) {
/*
* checksum should be enabled by default and setting this
* option might fail anyway.
*/
fprintf(stderr, _("setsockopt(RAW_CHECKSUM) failed - try to continue."));
}
#endif
if ((ctl.sndsock = socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0)
error(5, errno, "UDP socket");
#ifdef SO_SNDBUF
if (setsockopt(ctl.sndsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char *)&ctl.datalen,
sizeof(ctl.datalen)) < 0)
error(6, errno, "SO_SNDBUF");
#endif /* SO_SNDBUF */
if (ctl.options & SO_DEBUG)
setsockopt(ctl.sndsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&on, sizeof(on));
if (ctl.options & SO_DONTROUTE)
setsockopt(ctl.sndsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&on, sizeof(on));
if (ctl.source == NULL) {
socklen_t alen;
int probe_fd = socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
if (probe_fd < 0)
error(1, errno, "socket");
if (ctl.device) {
if (setsockopt
(probe_fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BINDTODEVICE, ctl.device,
strlen(ctl.device) + 1) == -1)
error(0, errno, _("WARNING: interface is ignored"));
}
ctl.firsthop.sin6_port = htons(get_ip_unprivileged_port_start(1025));
if (connect(probe_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&ctl.firsthop,
sizeof(ctl.firsthop)) == -1)
error(1, errno, "connect");
alen = sizeof(ctl.saddr);
if (getsockname(probe_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&ctl.saddr, &alen) == -1)
error(1, errno, "getsockname");
ctl.saddr.sin6_port = 0;
close(probe_fd);
} else {
memset((char *)&ctl.saddr, 0, sizeof(ctl.saddr));
ctl.saddr.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
if (inet_pton(AF_INET6, ctl.source, &ctl.saddr.sin6_addr) <= 0)
error(1, 0, _("unknown addr %s"), ctl.source);
}
if (bind(ctl.sndsock, (struct sockaddr *)&ctl.saddr, sizeof(ctl.saddr)) < 0)
error(1, errno, "bind sending socket");
if (bind(ctl.icmp_sock, (struct sockaddr *)&ctl.saddr, sizeof(ctl.saddr)) < 0)
error(1, errno, "bind icmp6 socket");
fprintf(stderr, _("traceroute to %s (%s)"), ctl.hostname,
inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &to->sin6_addr, pa, sizeof(pa)));
fprintf(stderr, _(" from %s"), inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &ctl.saddr.sin6_addr, pa, sizeof(pa)));
fprintf(stderr, _(", %d hops max, %d byte packets\n"), ctl.max_ttl, ctl.datalen);
fflush(stderr);
for (ttl = 1; ttl <= ctl.max_ttl; ++ttl) {
struct in6_addr lastaddr = { {{0,}} };
uint8_t got_there = 0;
long unreachable = 0;
printf("%2d ", ttl);
for (probe = 0; probe < ctl.nprobes; ++probe) {
ssize_t cc;
uint8_t reset_timer = 1;
struct timespec t1, t2;
struct in6_addr to_addr;
clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &t1);
send_probe(&ctl, ++seq, ttl);
while ((cc = wait_for_reply(&ctl, &from, &to_addr, reset_timer)) != 0) {
clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &t2);
if ((i = packet_ok(&ctl, cc, &from, &to_addr, seq, &t1))) {
if (memcmp(&from.sin6_addr, &lastaddr,
sizeof(from.sin6_addr))) {
print(&ctl, &from);
memcpy(&lastaddr,
&from.sin6_addr, sizeof(lastaddr));
}
printf(_(" %.4f ms"), deltaT(&t1, &t2));
switch (i - 1) {
case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_NOPORT:
got_there = 1;
break;
case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_NOROUTE:
++unreachable;
printf(" !N");
break;
case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_ADDR:
++unreachable;
printf(" !H");
break;
case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_ADMIN:
++unreachable;
printf(" !X");
break;
}
break;
} else
reset_timer = 0;
}
if (cc <= 0)
printf(" *");
fflush(stdout);
}
putchar('\n');
if (got_there || (unreachable > 0 && unreachable >= ctl.nprobes - 1))
break;
}
free(resolved_hostname);
return 0;
}