# RSNAPSHOT [](https://travis-ci.org/rsnapshot/rsnapshot)
rsnapshot comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free software,
and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions.
See the GNU General Public Licence for details.
rsnapshot is a filesystem snapshot utility based on rsync. rsnapshot makes it
easy to make periodic snapshots of local machines, and remote machines over ssh.
The code makes extensive use of hard links whenever possible, to greatly reduce
the disk space required.
It is written entirely in perl with no module dependencies, and has been
tested with versions 5.004 through 5.24.3. It should work on any reasonably
modern UNIX compatible OS. It has been tested successfully on the following
operating systems:
- Debian: 3.0 (woody), 9.9 (stretch)
- Redhat: 7.x, 8.0
- RedHat Enterprise Linux: 3.0 ES, 5, 6, 7
- Fedora Core: 1, 3
- Fedora: 17, 18
- CentOS: 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
- WhiteBox Enterprise Linux 3.0
- Slackware 9.0
- SuSE: 9.0
- Gentoo Linux
- FreeBSD 4.9-STABLE
- OpenBSD 3.x
- Solaris 8 (SPARC and x86)
- Mac OS X
- IRIX 6.5
If this is your first experience with rsnapshot, you may want to read the man
page which will give you a detailed walk-through on how to get rsnapshot up and
running and also serve as a reference of all available commands.
If you are upgrading from version 1.1.6 or earlier, make sure you read the
file [Upgrading from 1.1](docs/Upgrading_from_1.1).
For installation or upgrade instructions please read the [INSTALL](INSTALL.md) doc.
If you want to work on improving rsnapshot please read the
[CONTRIBUTING](CONTRIBUTING.md) doc.
If you want to ask a question or have a general discussion use the
[Mailing List](https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/rsnapshot-discuss).
## COMPATIBILITY NOTICES (Please read)
1. Note that systems which use GNU cp version 5.9 or later will have problems
with rsnapshot versions up to and including 1.2.3, if `cmd_cp` is enabled
(and points at the later gnu cp). This is no longer a problem since
rsnapshot 1.2.9, as it strips off trailing slashes when running cp.
2. If you have rsync version 2.5.7 or later, you may want to enable the
link_dest parameter in the rsnapshot.conf file.
If you are running Linux but do not have the problem above, you should
enable the `cmd_cp` parameter in rsnapshot.conf (especially if you do not
have link_dest enabled).
Be advised that currently `link_dest` doesn't do well with unavailable hosts.
Specifically, if a remote host is unavailable using `link_dest`, there will
be no latest backup of that machine, and a full re-sync will be required
when it becomes available. Using the other methods, the last good snapshot
will be preserved, preventing the need for a re-sync. We hope to streamline
this in the future.
## CONFIGURATION
Once you have installed rsnapshot, you will need to configure it.
The default configuration file is /etc/rsnapshot.conf, although the exact path
may be different depending on how the program was installed. If this
file does not exist, copy `/etc/rsnapshot.conf.default` over to
`/etc/rsnapshot.conf` and edit it to suit your tastes. See the man page for
the full list of configuration options.
When `/etc/rsnapshot.conf` contains your chosen settings, do a quick sanity
check to make sure everything is ready to go:
$ rsnapshot configtest
If this works, you can see essentially what will happen when you run it for
real by executing the following command (where interval is `alpha`, `beta`, `etc`):
$ rsnapshot -t [interval]
Once you are happy with everything, the final step is to setup a cron job to
automate your backups. Here is a quick example which makes backups every four
hours, and beta backups for a week:
0 */4 * * * /usr/local/bin/rsnapshot alpha
50 23 * * * /usr/local/bin/rsnapshot beta
In the previous example, there will be six `alpha` snapshots
taken each day (at 0,4,8,12,16, and 20 hours). There will also
be beta snapshots taken every night at 11:50PM. The number of
snapshots that are saved depends on the "interval" settings in
/etc/rsnapshot.conf.
For example:
interval alpha 6
This means that every time `rsnapshot alpha` is run, it will make a
new snapshot, rotate the old ones, and retain the most recent six
(`alpha.0` - `alpha.5`).
If you prefer instead to have three levels of backups (which we'll
call `beta`, `gamma` and `delta`), you might set up cron like this:
00 00 * * * /usr/local/bin/rsnapshot beta
00 23 * * 6 /usr/local/bin/rsnapshot gamma
00 22 1 * * /usr/local/bin/rsnapshot delta
This specifies a `beta` rsnapshot at midnight, a `gamma` snapshot
on Saturdays at 11:00pm and a `delta` rsnapshot at 10pm on the
first day of each month.
Note that the backups are done from the highest interval first
(in this case `delta`) and go down to the lowest interval. If
you are not having cron invoke the `alpha` snapshot interval,
then you must also ensure that `alpha` is not listed as one of
your intervals in rsnapshot.conf (for example, comment out alpha,
so that `beta` becomes the lowest interval).
Remember that it is only the lowest interval which actually does
the rsync to back up the relevant source directories, the higher
intervals just rotate snapshots around. Unless you have enabled
`sync_first` in your configuration-file, in which case only the `sync`
pseudo-interval does the actual rsync, and all real intervals
just rotate snapshots.
For the full documentation, type `man rsnapshot` once it is installed. The
[HOWTO](docs/HOWTOs/rsnapshot-HOWTO.en.html) also has a detailed overview of
how to install and configure rsnapshot, and things like how to set it up so
users can restore their own files.
If you plan on using the `backup_script` parameter in your backup scheme,
take a look at the `utils/`-directory in the source distribution for several
example scripts. The `utils/rsnapreport.pl` script is well worth a look.
## AUTHORS
Please see the [AUTHORS](/AUTHORS) file for the complete list of contributors.